Then, when it came time to graduate, I had to start looking at places to go and things to do. I'm really an experimentalist as opposed to a theorist. But the university can have ownership of patents that industry needs. I think it was the University of Utah, or some school in Utah, had political influence in Congress and was able to get awarded what's called pork-barrel money. I saw it from the point of view of just having something that we can hang our hat on that we were in the display business. They were actually [the first industry to jointly work with the Liquid Crystal Institute to further develop PDLCs. I wanted to create KDI to set an example so others would do it, and it worked. And they decided to go with a twist cell. They didn't want to make displays, but they wanted to license it worldwide. Joel Domino, was the company's first employee. I come from the academic world. It could make a nice flat screen display but was a big drain on the battery. He could not have done it if it hadn't been for the president, Robert White. Thinking about the generation of young people becoming scientists today, could you talk about what's involved in being a scientist? That never sat well with me. What are the advantages and challenges of running a technology company in this place, in Northeast Ohio? This means you have to really have a very powerful backlight to see the image that took a lot of power from a battery. Town Center at Cobb October 13, 2010. I really prepared for that. $269,900. Then, of course, I had undergraduates working in my laboratory as well. CRAWFORD: ALCOM is funded in 1991, and five years later, you retire. I also met McGrath, and they invited me to visit Kent. From that review paper, he learned a lot about who was doing what and where, so he organized the first International Liquid Crystal Conference.CRAWFORD: I just wanted to ask you quickly, I know you weren't involved in liquid crystals at this time, but now having had a career in liquid crystals and having met lots of people, part of the sort of historical narrative about liquid crystals, from what I understand at this point, is that they were discovered in the late 19th century, 1888 or thereabouts. Hopefully, things will take a turn for the better soon. When Al Green joined we already had this manufacturing line. CRAWFORD: When was the graduate program established?DOANE: After the establishment of ALCOM. Saupe wasn't focused on that at the time although he did later contribute in that area. I was standing there, and the professor happened to be in there, and he saw me. Fergason got involved with the twist cell technology over here and patented the twist cell in the US. That's really how I got into physics.CRAWFORD: Did you end up working with that professor?DOANE: Here's how all of that went. Natural selection has taken its toll and only the best establishments have survived this shift in demographics. Is there anything we haven't discussed that you think is particularly important? I think liquid crystals have played a big role in science, particularly in flat-panel displays. But I'm still on the board of the company, and they kindly give me a little office here, let me come in and talk to people. I worked with him and helped with stuff, we went down in limestone mines, looking at cosmic rays. We will schedule showings by appointment only until the tenant has moved. And because he was very interested in applications, I believe he was [more entrepreneurially oriented]. Because part of the issue is that you're getting federal funding, so the research is supposed to be a public good, so how could you make it private? We decided at one time to try Amazon, and we sent them a number of them. But that was really my only relation to science. But they couldn't do this with Jim Fergason's patent. CRAWFORD: Is there anything else particular about Northeast Ohio that's advantageous for companies?DOANE: Well, it's just a nice place to live. And there was a market for writing tablets in China. "DOANE: He's right.CRAWFORD: That captures the spirit of the Institute at the time?DOANE: Oh, yeah. I'll fund this company and Joel can be the financial officer." Universities tend to value fundamental or basic research as it is something they can publish. Right away, I could tell this was really something different because with the NMR, you could see both features very well [by how the molecules were ordered]. Request Tour Send an Email Highlights Here are some of the most popular amenities Pet Friendly Washer & Dryer In Unit Floor Plans We became so well-known in Japan and Asia, you could go over to Asia and they knew about Kent State but learned about Cleveland only because they had to fly into it to get here. Basic research on liquid crystals at Kent was disconnected as the Institute was not on the research campus, there was no applied research whatsoever. Further, in the ALCOM Center, we had a very successful K-12 program, too. The mall closed to customers Wednesday evening It is scheduled to reopen . Copyright 2023 eRealEstate Holdings, LLC. CRAWFORD: I think the popular idea of technology transfer is that a place like the LCI has these ideas, then they're moving them into these companies. It has played a big role [scientifically and technologically]. Immediately after we started Kent Displays, Inc., other faculty, students and postdocs got the message and said, "Maybe we should do this." In fact, this company has received funds from the state of Ohio. He was a nice guy [and a very capable researcher].CRAWFORD: You mentioned that at the time, Schadt and Helfrich were working on display cells and so forth, and that there were a number of different options for making displays. ]CRAWFORD: Do you think it would've been better for the field of liquid crystal science if there had been more interaction between industry and academia?DOANE: It would've been better for Kent, I can tell you that. I wanted the physics department and Kent State University to have something they could hang their hats on. CRAWFORD: Was it recently established?DOANE: No, it had been going on for some years based around other types of display technologies. What kind of work were you planning on doing with NMR?DOANE: We started out on a number of different topics. [At Kent, we were the liquid crystal optics component of the center; however, there were other optical materials such as light emitting diodes at USC.] Right now, I can watch my computer recording our conversation. You license a technology, and within a short while, sometimes within a year, the company you've licensed it to has already further developed technology and written patents around it, then they're back knocking on the door, negotiating for reduced payments. I told President Mike Schwartz, and his [Vice President for Academic Affairs] at the time, [Terry] Roark. In the case of liquid crystals, he was sort of correct in the sense that liquid crystals were a material nobody understood, and that basic research had to be done on it. Typically, they have those meetings in March. Edward Gelerinter was working on electron-spin resonance. And I found another polymer group at Case Western Reserve, headed by Jack Koenig, in the chemical engineering department. The Japanese had really gotten it off the ground. It seems like a lot of the Nobel laureates are really young fellows or at least made their discoveries at a young age. We decided I should go, so I went. The question was, what display did we make first to make use of it? [It developed into a huge research effort involving the institute and the physics and chemistry departments; however after several years, I began to see the real problem of the institute being located apart from the research campus.] There were a number of things we could make on it. At that time, I think he committed $20 million up front. I dont know what he called his company, but I think he made good business out of that. Cutting edge amenities, meticulously-groomed grounds, and a dedicated staff contributes to a higher standard of living. Liquid Crystal Oral History ProjectDepartment of HistoryKent State University, Transcript produced by Sharp Copy Transcription. Institute was still on the research campus but now had a broader scope involving more science departments.] Particularly, with General Motors and 3M. CRAWFORD: But students still get their PhD in chemical physics?DOANE: As I understand it, they do [but it may now be broadened to material sciences. [Laugh] When we had our meetings and discussions, I always wanted to see something, not just a bunch of words and slides. Bahman Taheri founded one of them, Alpha Micron, Inc.. That was one reason. But back then, for that situation at that time, me being in academia, in the physics department, and there being a big desire to understand the fundamental properties of liquid crystals, it was important to collect liquid crystal research on the research campus at KSU to help the faculty involved. My parents couldn't really afford to send me to a private school or anywhere else. Licensing, in general, I found not to be a very good business for a university. That's what I did. [Start Part 1]MATTHEW CRAWFORD: My name is Matthew Crawford. CRAWFORD: I know it may be difficult for you to speak to Dr. Brown's thought process, but why was it so important to have it off campus? Over in chemistry, there was Vernon Neff, who was doing infrared dichroic studies, [Bill Bacon on liquid crystal phases. When he first came here, Fergason had a very nice program. But the program did not last long as better ways to detect cancer evolved. Another senator saw this and said, "That shouldn't be. DOANE: I'm not sure I can answer that. It has a writing texture similar to paper. But the first two years of graduate school, I really couldn't do too much research. In France, there was a large group at Orsay near Paris. Kent was in a predicament at that stage. Nowadays, we have software that keeps track of publications, and you can get a score based on the quantity you have. I was determined to do that, and at first, I tried to do it at a lower cost [to better attract investment]. I wanted to get the Institute to an area where we could fund it, and the only way I could see funding at that time was to get some applied activity going on. I was supportive of the applications. It was not easy to do. I was really excited about that. Were they asking the LCI to solve problems for them?DOANE: [They primarily wanted just to be current with the technology as it applied to their companys interest. What makes it useful for a tablet is you can write on it with your fingernail or a pointed object or stylus. But that was the way Glenn wanted it. I didn't know Wil could write so well. You described the Society for Information Displays as an industry group when you first met with them. I wanted the technology we were developing to wind up in the community. After they were discovered in 1888 or so, in the 1930s, there was some very good work done in Germany by several people. [Laughs] I was pretty much an only child. But our initial work with General Motors really set the stage for becoming a display-oriented group because we then had a clean room and other facilities needed for this. Of course, we pay for it, but it's nice to have that facility available, and it's nice for them to make it available.CRAWFORD: Did Kent Displays then, and does it now, send its own people to use the facilities? They'd come here, we'd go there, we'd meet in various places, help one another with various projects. I wanted to see more spin-off companies. Then, liquid crystals came up again. To defend Kent State University was very hard because he couldn't get Al Saupe to be a witness. Industry on the other hand values applied research that they often prefer to keep secret. Or were you also learning more generally about the properties of matter and molecules?DOANE: The physical and chemical properties of liquid crystals, their molecular makeup, their unusual properties and how they fit as states of matter between solids and liquids. to provide you with an unparalleled condo buying and selling experience. Before that, it was sort of informal. I remember that interview very well because I was really kind of scared to meet this dean for research. DOANE: Yeah. She came out on a train around 1915, I think. I just told the dean I didn't know what I could do. CRAWFORD: It just seemed like the right thing to do.DOANE: It just seemed like the thing to do! I can give you a lot of stories about that. For Sale 2937 Governors Court, Marietta, GA 30066. Aleks Gilbert. I don't know how it is these days, but back in those days, if you were going to have a graduate program, the faculty had to bring in the money to do it. The attitude in industry for commercializing the technology ultimately was just not there. The American companies, involved in it very early on, saw Japan taking off and just pulled out. He often spoke about that, living systems. They really liked to use their technology for PR, to say they'd developed it, started these new companies, and were getting into the economy. I'm an Associate Professor and Historian of Science at Kent State University. That's another win-win situation. I liked working with my hands, and I liked building things. There were a lot of them to populate those places. Town Center at Aurora is a fully enclosed regional shopping destination in Aurora, Colorado, and serves the nearby communities of Aurora, Buckley Air Force Base, The Anschutz Medical Campus, the Lowry neighborhood and residents of southeast Denver. They were further instrumental in involving other industries such as 3M.] I talked to the physics department to see if I could get an appointment for him in physics, but they didnt want to do it. I wanted to see the city of Kent benefit from this, employment, and so on. I think it was my second year Id been here, probably around '67 or so. Also, there were a lot of students involved. A Building Advisor will be in touch with you shortly. I think once the University got into it, they thought it was a nice way to go, too. In the process of all of that, was a person monitoring the contract who became very interested in our company. Was that something you sought out?DOANE: At that time, I was looking at other things, actually. Even Fergason's work was not military-oriented. Doane became Assistant Director of the LCI (1979-1983) under Glenn Brown and served as the Director from 1983-1996. NSF was supporting a lot of basic research, but there was no indication of how it was actually going into technology. They wanted something you could wear, could see very clearly, and not have to change the battery. In order to apply for one of these things, you were encouraged to show how you could create technology and get it into the US economy. The reason I thought this important was that back in the late 80s, I was on a panel to go to Japan that was funded by DARPA, and NSF, to learn what the Japanese were doing and how they got to where they were. And the Army became interested in full color, and I was able to get a contract with the defense agencies through DARPA to develop full color on flexible plastic substrates. Good morning, Dr. Doane. He was a couple years ahead of me in school, and he said after he'd graduated, he went to work for Westinghouse. 1. But they did. They sent displays to put on show. Paranormal Cirque III - Brandon, FL - April 27 - 30, 2023 Hosted By Paranormal Cirque III. As I understand Phil, this display technology you're looking at right there on your cell phone is from one of our students.CRAWFORD: For the audio, you're showing me an Apple iPhone. There are numerous small colleges in Northeastern Ohio. I was further able to convince them, because Kent Displays was very small and didn't have much of an R&D unit, to let us use their facilities, at a cost, of course, to develop the technology further. It was the first money I got where I could build a clean room and do the things I needed to do. There was a lot of work going on in Germany. NSF sent out a bunch of people to Kent State, and I really had good support from Mike Schwartz, our president, who really helped us. The more venture capitalists there are around, the better it is.CRAWFORD: [Did] the University do anything to facilitate those connections, or did you have to do that on your own?DOANE: [I had to find investment on my own. But it could've been that attitude of distancing research from industry caused the Institute to be in such a bad spot when I took over. The company has been improving on this over the years. A university cannot and should not try to compete with industries on problems of interest to industry. The two seemed isolated from each other. [Laugh]CRAWFORD: Why do you say that?DOANE: If the Institute had had a display program going, it would've been a bonanza. I thought it was a way to help graduate research.CRAWFORD: When you said you wanted to tie the faculty together, it's really thinking in terms of building the University, building the graduate program. I didn't find it a great business for Kent State University. They awarded 12, but we weren't awarded one in the first group. That is to say, you can write on it with almost anything, even your fingernail, but usually with a pointed stylus. It's a very low-powered device.DOANE: The Boogie Board takes no power to write on it. You can't have any dust particles around. That turned out to be a wise, wise decision because the job opportunities in that field are far higher. My parents were very supportive of that and helped me with it. An ex-CEO of the Hoover vacuum cleaner company, Joe Cutinella, was on the Kent State University Board of Trustees at that time, and I think his influence really helped, particularly in getting the University to accept this idea of starting local companies. mike fratello daughter, how to be an antiracist ebook pdf, tile cutter breaker foot,